Warfare in the Napoleon era is similar to warfare practiced today Essay

Warfare in the Napoleon era is similar to warfare practiced today - Essay Example Indeed, weapon systems and technology have changed over the years with increased sophistication ; however, warlords of today still embrace and practice the fundamentals of warfare upon which the Napoleonic era thrived. The Napoleonic era inspired changes in warfare and created organizational changes in the army that increased their lethality and ignited military reform, tactics, and strategies that are currently being used today. Napoleon created corps and divisions in order to have unity of command for his large troops, which allowed him to have better command and control, and flexibility over his units; Napoleon gave his orders through established channels of command to each division. The organizational changes that were made to the French army increased their flexibility, lethality, and maneuverability in warfare, thus, making it possible for Napoleon to trounce his opponents in combat with ease. Additionally, the Army developed Brigade Combat Teams, which enhanced the organizations ability to be flexible, and agile in warfare, thus, being able to move swiftly into combat zones and taking on the opponents with remarkable success. Similarly, armies of this era are divided into divisions to facilitate unity of command and control of troops, in addition to, enhancing flexibility, lethality, and maneuverability in warfare; combat teams that are thoroughly grounded in tactics and weapon systems to undertake tec hnical missions exist today as well. Napoleon era warfare thrived on the skills and competence of the armies, thus, warlords like Napoleon ensured that their combat teams were well trained in warfare tactics and weapon technologies of their time. Additionally, warfare in this era involved logistics trains, and combined arms that were self-sustaining and dominated enemy forces throughout Europe. For instance, the 1809 Vienna campaigns was successful because the French used combined arms simultaneously, which allowed them to achieve greater impact than if each element was used separately. The French developed the logistics regiment and strictly dedicated it to supplying, and transporting equipment to units on the battlefield2, thus, ensuring the smooth undertaking of missions and operations. Armies today are highly trained in weapons and tactics of combat to be able to handle sophisticated artillery and to execute highly delicate operations with success, and warfare still relies on logistics carriages, which ensure a ste ady supply of equipment to armies in war zones, besides the simultaneous use of combined arms, like in the Napoleonic era. Napoleon’s strategy involved maintaining battles all over Europe in all the volatile areas, where enemy forces had dominated, and this ensured that the enemy forces had no time to regroup or reorganize themselves for counter attacks, thus, they were thoroughly paralyzed and defeated. Nonetheless, the French army fought on several fronts simultaneously, thereby maintaining the territory borders from all angles against the enemy forces; for instance, they fought Britain and Spain on the western front, but at the same time, they also fought Russia, Prussia, and Austria on the eastern front. In the same manner, countries today engage in and maintain battles in their enemy areas where their vulnerability lies in the attempt to neutralize enemy forces; in this regard, warfare still involves invasion and occupation of enemy territory, and such domination of

A Need to Extend the Social Responsibility to Modern Business Dissertation

A Need to Extend the Social Responsibility to Modern Business - Dissertation Example Royal Dutch Shell plc (shell) is Royal Dutch Shell plc is engaged in all principal aspects of the oil and natural gas industry, and also has interests in chemicals and additional interests in power generation and renewable energy. The Company operates in five segments: Exploration & Production, which searches for and recovers oil and natural gas around the world; Gas & Power, which liquefies and transports natural gas, and develops natural gas markets and related infrastructure; Oil Products, which include all of the activities necessary to transform crude oil into petroleum products; Chemicals, which produces and sells petrochemicals to industrial customers globally, and Other Industry Segments and Corporate, which include Renewables and Hydrogen. Shell is a global group of energy and petrochemical companies, operating in more than 140 countries and territories, employing more than 109,000 people. (www.Shell.com) In order to alleviate the fears and doubts from the minds of the people of various strata, the Researcher has undertaken the assignment on behalf of the Company to make a comprehensive report on the compliance or otherwise by the Company, of its Social and Environmental Commitments globally by adopting a suitable research method and analysis. Before commencing the research analysis into the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility we need to have a basic understanding of the concept, the purpose of our study of this concept, the hypothesis which this paper aims to analyse followed by a literary review.

Managing with Web 2.0 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Managing with Web 2.0 - Research Paper Example (Girrell, 2010) The application of Web 2.0 tools and applications can help companies and organizations in knowledge management, work coordination & decision making. Web 2.0 tools help companies manage knowledge, coordinate work and enhance decision making in a number of ways. Blogs, wikis and social networking help companies and their employees communicate and boost productivity. After all, blogs can provide information to users in a less formal way yet attainable form and grant readers the opportunities to respond to the writer, ask, questions, comment, etc. This interaction bridges the corporate users and the readers/customers or potential customers and builds relationships. (Johnston, 2010) Since Web 2.0 tools are user friendly, communication and knowledge creation are easy. For instance, for the workforce, wikis serve as a â€Å"blackboard† a space in which corporate workers and an increasingly mobile workforce can communicate with each other, formalize projects and the components thereof, document progress and do so in a less costly manner. After all, wikis, like most Web 2.0 tools contain costs. This is especially true since Web 2.0 tools do not require IT department implementation. (Johnston, 2010) Blogs, wikis and social networking tools solve the problem of individual emails, IMs and the creation of numerous emails conveying information, raising questions or documenting progress. Web 2.0 solves the problems of connection across a large company or department and provides the users with flexibility. It offers the manager or creator the opportunity to post the information and the other workers or users with 24 hour viewing from anywhere they can log into such platforms. For this reason, all parties have a sense of autonomy and connectedness despite virtual connectivity. Therefore companies could benefit from using Web 2.0 tools

Evaluating Strategic Management Essay Example for Free

Evaluating Strategic Management Essay The strategic management process result in decision that can have significant, long lasting consequences. In many organizations, strategy evaluation is simply an appraisal of how well an organization has performed. Strategy evaluation includes three basic activities: 1. Examining the underlying bases of firm strategy 2. Comparing expected result with actual result 3. Taking corrective action to ensure that performance conform to plan. Strategy evaluation is becoming increasingly difficult with the passage of time, for many reasons. domestic And world economies were more stable in years past, product life cycles were longer, product development cycles were longer, technological advancement was slower, change occurred less frequently, there were fewer competitors, foreign companies were weak, and there were more regulated industries. Other reasons why strategy evaluation is more difficult today include the following trends: 1. A dramatic increase in the environment ‘s complexity 2. The increasing difficulty of predicting the future with accuracy 3. The increasing number of variables 4. The rapid rate of obsolescence of even the best plans 5. The increase in the number of both domestic and world events affecting organizations 6. The decreasing time span for which planning can be done with any degree of certainty Four Criteria (Richard Rummelt in evaluating strategic management: †¢ Consistency Strategy should not present inconsistent goals and policies. Conflict and interdepartmental bickering symptomatic of managerial disorder and strategic inconsistency †¢ Consonance Need for strategies to examine sets of trends †¢ Adaptive response to external environment †¢ Trends are results of interactions among other trends †¢ Feasibility Neither overtax resources or create unsolvable sub problems †¢ Organizations must demonstrate the abilities, competencies, skills and talents to carry out a given strategy †¢ Advantage Creation or maintenance of competitive advantage †¢ Superiority in resources, skills, or position Nowadays, the strategy evaluation is become difficult because adjusting with the trends happened. There are some reasons for it: 1. Increase in environment’s complexity 2. Difficulty predicting future with accuracy 3. Increasing number of variables 4. Rate of obsolescence of plans 5. Domestic and global events 6. Decreasing time span for planning certainty a.Reviewing Bases of Strategy – Develop revised EFE Matrix – Develop revised IFE Matrix Review effectiveness of strategy is important to evaluate how far these strategy matches with our goals, the way are: 1. Competitors’ reaction to strategy 2. Competitors’ change in strategy 3. Competitors’ changes in strengths and weaknesses 4. Reasons for competitors’ strategic change 5. Reasons for competitors’ successful strategies 6. Competitors’ present market positions and profitability 7. Potential for competitor retaliation 8. Potential for cooperation with competitors b.Measuring Organizational Performance †¢ Comparing expected to actual results †¢ Investigating deviations from plan †¢ Evaluating individual performance †¢ Progress toward stated objectives

Sickle Cell Anaemia: Causes, Symptoms and Treatments

Sickle Cell Anaemia: Causes, Symptoms and Treatments Blood disease is a disorder or disease which will affect one or more parts of the blood, preventing our blood from performing its job in an effective rate. Sometimes, it is also known as blood disorder (Martin, E.A., ed., 2010). Nowadays, there are many types of blood diseases and they are growing public health problems affecting many countries, races and also ethnic groups. They can be classified into acute or chronic. Some of the them are inherited and can cause death. Sickle cell anemia (SCD) is a serious inherited genetic condition which affects the haemoglobin molecule within the red blood cells. It is a condition in which there are lack of healthy and normal red blood cells to carry sufficient oxygen throughout our bodies. The people with sickle cell anemia normally have deformed red blood cells which look like sickles or crescent moons (Mayo Clinic, 2011). This is because the sickle cells contain haemoglobin S or sickle haemoglobin which is an abnormal haemoglobin (MedlinePlus, 2010). The unusual C shaped cells which look like a farm tool called sickle give the disease its name (CDC, 2011). The alternative names for sickle cell anemia are sickle cell disease or sickle cell disorder, haemoglobin SS disease and HbS disease (NHLBI.NIH, 2011) . Today, millions of people have been diagnosed with sickle cell disease. This type of blood disease is much more common in Africa and Mediterranean (PubMed Health, 2012). About one of every 12 African Americans will carry the sickle cell trait in a persons genes (MedlinePlus, 2012). Apart from that, it is estimated that 90 000 to 100 000 people in the United States mainly Blacks or African Americans are affected by sickle cell anemia. About one of every 500 Black newborns and one out of every 36 000 Hispanic-American newborns will have this blood disease (CDC, 2011). There are two risk factors that can increase the chances of getting sickle cell anemia which are inheritance and mutation. First of all, sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive genetic blood disease which the sickle cell gene will pass from generation to generation. To have this disease, the defective form of the gene must be inherited to a child from both of the parent. A child will have sickle cell trait if the sickle cell gene is passed from only one parent. A person is known as the carrier of sickle cell anemia if he or she has one normal haemoglobin gene and one defective form of the gene. In addition to, the defective gene can be passed to next generation and affect them. While, if both of the parent are carrier, a 50% chance of getting a child who is carrier, 25% chance of having a child who is normal and another 25% chance of having a child with sickle cell anemia (FamilyDoctor.org, 2006). Besides, substitution is a kind of gene mutation which cause this blood disease to occur. The gene mutation is caused by the mutagens which are physical or chemical substances that can affects the genetic material of an organism. Hence, the person who always stays in environment with a lot of radiation or mutagen, he or she has higher risk of getting this disease (Gan Wan Yeat, 2010). This type of blood disease can be prevented if the married couples who both carry the sickle cell trait gene do not have any children. By doing this, the recessive gene will not passed from a generation to another generation . A normal person has haemoglobin A genes which are HbA. If the person who suffers from sickle cell disease, he or she has two haemoglobin S genes (HbS) which are inherited from both parent. These HbS genes are caused by the gene mutation. The base sequence in the DNA for the synthesis of haemoglobin is changed by a single substitution. Hence, the glutamic acid codon is now instead of valine codon (BBC, 2010). When the oxygen content of an affected persons blood is low, the sickle cell hameoglobin will aggregate into long rods that deform red cells into a sickle or crescent shape which are abnormal haemoglobin (Reece, J.B., et. al., 2011). Besides, these sickle red blood cells are rigid and sticky. This results in less oxygen is delivered to the bodys tissues (MedlinePlus, 2012). The symptoms and signs of sickle cell anemia usually become more obvious after an infant is 4 months old and they are varying. The most common symptom of this disease is painful events. They are sudden pain that happens in different parts of the body. This pain is also known as sickle cell crisis. Usually, the sickle cell crises can cause pain in the hands, bones, legs, abdomen and so on. This is because the sickle cell get stuck in the small blood vessel as they travel, interrupting the healthy blood flow (National Marrow Donor Program, 2007). People who suffer from sickle cell anemia normally have anemia which will make them feel tired and weak. This is caused by the shortage of red blood cells. Furthermore, they will look pale (WebMD, 2010). Apart from that, the other symptoms of sickle cell anemia may include shortness of breath, blindness, delayed growth, hand-foot syndrome and so on. If it is not treated, stroke, infections, acute chest syndrome and organ damage are the effects of sickle cell anemia (genomics.energy.gov, 2005). Bone marrow transplant is the only cure for sickle cell anemia. However, it is difficult to find a donor who is matched with the recipient and the procedure has serious risks and can even cause death. There are many types of treatments for this blood disease including medication. Children with sickle cell anemia can be treated by using antibiotic penicillin in order to help prevent infections. While pain relieving medications are responsible in relieving pain during sickle cell crisis. The frequency of painful crisis also can be reduced using hydroxyuera. Moreover, blood transfusions are another type of treatments for sickle cell anemia. The blood transfusion can help to relieve anemia by increasing the number of normal blood cells in circulation (Mayo Clinic, 2011). This is because the sickle shaped cells live only 10 to 20 days which is much shorter than the normal red blood cells. Furthermore, a balanced diet is needed. The supplements of folic acid, vitamin D and zinc should be taken in order to help make new red blood cells. Alcohols and cigarette smokes should be avoided (FamilyDoctor.org, 2006). As a conclusion, sickle cell anemia is a chronic blood disease that cannot be underestimated. This is because there is no cure for the people with this blood disease. Nevertheless, there are many types of treatments and prognosis can help to prevent further problems which are associated with this blood disease. Prevention is better than cure. Hence, people from all walk of life should working out preventive action to avoid them from getting this severe and rare disease.

The Impractical Philosophies of Self-reliance and Civil Disobedience Es

The Impractical Philosophies of Self-reliance and Civil Disobedience The philosophies of Henry David Thoreau and Ralph Waldo Emerson would work well in a society comprised only of highly intellectual, healthy individuals who were willing put forth the effort needed to thoroughly examine themselves and formulate their own opinions about every issue pertaining to them. Emerson said that all members of society should think for themselves and formulate their own opinions rather than conforming to a popular belief. Thoreau said that the best government was no government, and that people should always do what was just. A society that functioned under the ideals of Emerson and Thoreau would have no problems. No money would be needed, because all members of society would do what was right and help each other out. A farmer would give away his grain and in return would receive everything he needed from other members of society. No crimes would be committed because people would think through what they were about to do and realize that a better option existed. Re alistically, such a society is not possible because humans constantly make mistakes, and since these ideals rest on the notion that all members of society will adhere to them, the philosophies are not practical. Because humans could never fully adhere to them, the philosophies of Emerson and Thoreau will never be adopted in society. The philosophy of Thoreau hinges on the acceptance and truth of the philosophy of Emerson, and the philosophy of Emerson is ruined if the philosophy of Thoreau cannot be followed. Emerson preached that all men should trust their own hearts, and that what they thought was good and true. "To believe your own thought, to believe that ... ...s as the checks and balances for human neglect. People have two distinct natural tendencies. At heart, they tend to be good, but in action they tend to be bad. People know the difference between right and wrong, but usually do not act on this knowledge. They tend to act too quickly, to give in to their desire for more money and more power, thinking that these will bring them happiness. People usually fail to understand that true happiness lies in doing the right thing. Self-reliance and civil disobedience go hand in hand. If all people are self-reliant, then they can function with no government at all. But if one man is not self-reliant and acts against his good nature, government is needed and thus self-reliance cannot fully function. In a perfect society, these ideals would work wonders. In flawed society they will accomplish nothing.

Treaty of Versailles :: essays research papers

At eleven O' clock on the morning of November 11, 1918, the fighting ceased on the western front in France, Belgium. For almost four years the world watched the bloodiest and most expensive wars in history. Now at last, the return of peace that was so desperately desired became a reality.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Two months later the representatives of the victorious powers in Paris to write the treaties of peace. The most important of these agreements was first to be completed. In less than four months the representatives of the German government were summoned to a suburb of Paris. There, in the Hall of Mirrors in the Great Palace of the French Kings, they signed the documents that formally brought World War I to an end. The Versailles Palace thus gave the name to one of the most important treaties of Paris and in History. Out of the Versailles Treaty came the league of Nations, one of mankinds attempts to find a means of abolishing war. Many people that signed the Treaty of Versailles struggled with each other. Some people believed there were there to find a just and lasting peace, while others were there with vengeance on the mind towards Germany. The treaty also brought about conditions that aided Adolf Hitlers rise to power in Germany. It also played a significant role in causing World War II, only twenty years later.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With the signing of the armistice, discussion in Europe had turned to where the Peace Conference would be held. The question of where this meeting would take place caused discord. The United States and Great Britain favored small cities such as Geneva or Lausanne in neutral Switzerland, but the French insisted on Paris.(Vaughan 10) The reason behind this was because forty-eight years earlier, France suffered a crushing defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, The citizens of Paris watched a Prussian army match down the Champs Elysees and under the Arc de Triomphe(Hankey 23). On January 18, 1871, Bismarck and the German princes had proclaimed the birth of the German Empire in the Hall of Mirrors of the Versailles Palace(Knapton173). Now that the tables were turned, France wanted to pay back Germany for the humiliation they suffered. The setting for this conference was much different from the 1815 Congress of Vienna. There, a defeated France stood at the mercy of Russia, Prussia, Austria, and British Conquerors. So it was decided on that the conference would take place in Paris.

Regulating Food Advertising for Children

Regulating Food Advertising for Children Mollie Burdick February 14, 2012 HU 101 Critical Thinking Herzing University Online The most popular form of advertisement that companies use is association. This is done by having a famous actor or actress endorse the product by being in a commercial or using that product in their television show or movie. This form of advertisement is more effective in teens wanting to fit in. For even younger children they base what they want by what character or toy is in the commercial or on the front of the box. For example: Tony the tiger, Toucan Sam, and The Captain from Captain Crunch.Children associate things being good for them when they see them presented to them in this way, especially when they hear for example Tony the tiger saying â€Å"their great! † This is why, â€Å"thirty years ago, the marketing industry established the Children’s Advertising Review Unit (CARU) specifically to recognize that material which might be truthful and non-deceptive for adults could still mislead young people† (Liodice, R). There are guidelines for just about every aspect of our lives. Now they are trying to enforce stricter guidelines on how companies advertise their product.But can this be done without violating a company’s right for the freedom of speech? Yes, companies just need to be a little more creative. So in order to help fight childhood obesity, Liodice explains that â€Å"companies, individuals, families, schools, governments and the media need to work together in ways that will bring better health to everyone in this country† Advertisements are being targeted the hardest because children spend way too much time watching television. The average child watches about one thousand hours of television a year. â€Å"On average, children ages 2-5 spend 32 hours a week in front of a TV.Kids ages 6-11 spend about 28 hours a week in front of the TV and 71% of 8- to 18-year-olds have a TV in their bedroo m. † says Kyla Boyse. This shows that children are not being active enough and they are losing their imagination. Our lives are governed by guidelines in every form. But can this be done without violating a company’s right for the freedom of speech? Yes, companies just need to be a little more creative. So in order to help fight childhood obesity, â€Å"companies, individuals, families, schools, governments and the media need to work together in ways that will bring better health to everyone in this country† (Liodice, R).One of the things that the guidelines ignored is â€Å"the point and the fact that adults make the vast majority of food purchases for their families, particularly for younger kids† (Liodice, R). So if the adults don’t buy it the kids wouldn’t be able to eat it. But what the guidelines did not forget is what children do, to get what they want. Example how children will through a temper tantrum if they can’t have what t hey want. So the adults have a tendency to give in to keep the child calm. This problem I blame on the government for taking punishment out of the home.Adults are powerless against children in fear of going to jail for child abuse or child endangerment. Personally I feel a trip to the wood shed would be called for, it never hurt us, but it did get our attention. In order to help stop the bad influences of food commercials on children, companies have started backing off how many food commercials they advertise. According to Nielsen Media Research there was a thirteen percent decline (Liodice, R). Especially during the prime time when children are watching television. This is a start but not the cure for childhood obesity.This is not just a media problem. This is a problem starts at home, children need to play outside more in the fresh air so they get the exercise. T. V. was not designed to be a babysitter, but seeing it has become a babysitter schools, government, companies, individu als, and families all need to work together to stopping childhood obesity. References Boss, J (2010) Think: Critical Thinking and Logic Skills for Everyday Life. Retrieved on February 14, 2012 Kyla Boyse, RN. , August 2010, Television and Children, Retrieved on February 14, 2012 from http://www. med. umich. edu/yourchild/topics/tv. htm

A Border Passage by Leila Ahmed

Leila Ahmed begins her autobiography, A Border Passage: From Cairo to America A Woman's Journey, â€Å"It was as if there were to life itself a quality of music,† immediately entrenching the spirit of her early life story in the senses, in instinct–the tools that, above all else, enable her and the reader to retrace her steps from curious, observant girl to introspective, self-determined woman.This story, however, is not only about Ahmed's self-discovery as a woman and feminist, but also about the sociopolitical and historical events that took place in Egypt during the 1940s and '50s. As a witness to her country's most dramatic period, from the end of British influence to the birth of Arab nationalism, Ahmed's childhood is permanently shaped by the loss of Egypt's multicultural and tolerant identity.Escaping a country she no longer recognizes, Ahmed is seemingly left with only her father's values of education, her mother's perspective on religion through the oral tradit ion, and the memories of past places and people that rise to the surface like oases by which to navigate a new world. This new world, surprisingly, is not without its own lack of tolerance, an experience that alters her preconceptions of Western civility.Though Ahmed does, at times, disturb the natural and sensual narrative of the work with clinical and academic passages (most are near the end of the novel), she rarely writes from a place of finality or total understanding, giving the impression that her journey as an Egyptian-American, Arab, and modern woman is far from over, if ever.Leila accounts a personal chronicle of her childhood in Egypt, education in England, and teaching in America. Being a competent and fine educator, she tempts with seemingly casual talk; it is only afterwards that it is realized how much she has given and how mesmerizing the voyage has been. She reports a large amount of Egyptian culture, customs, history and sociology.This also includes some background on the idea of â€Å"Arabness,† as well as a sparkling preface to the distinction between the Islam of men and the Islam of women. The portrayals of her grandmother's store will certainly ring the bells of memory with any Western woman who spent time listening to older women in the kitchen at family meetings. (Shereen, 2003)Woman has always been distinctly seen as a creative cause of human life. Traditionally, though, woman has been thought not only rationally subordinate to man but also a key source of appeal and sin. In Greek mythology, for instance, a woman, Pandora, opened the prohibited box and caused epidemics and sorrow to mankind. Ancient Roman law depicted woman as children, forever lower than man.In the East, initially, the behavior for woman was more encouraging. In Early Egypt, for instance, women were privileged by some property rights and personal freedoms after marriage, but obligated submission of women toward men.Wives had to walk behind their husbands. Wome n did not have the right to own property, and widows could not marry again. In East as well as West, male children have a preference over female children.On the other hand, when they were permitted personal and rational freedom, women made important accomplishments. Nuns played an important role in the devout life of Europe during the middle Ages. Aristocratic women benefited from authority and status. Whole eras were effected by women leaders for example, 16th century Queen Elizabeth of England, 18th century Catherine the Great of Russia, and 19th century Queen Victoria of England.Customarily a middle-class girl in Western society was inclined to be educated from her mother's pattern that cleaning, cooking, and caring for children were the deeds expected of her. Tests made in the 1960s proved that the scholastic success of girls was better in the lower classes than in higher education.The key cause given was that the girls' own hope declined as neither their relatives nor their tea chers want them to arrange for a future other than that of matrimony and parenthood. This propensity has been altering in last decades.Proper education for girls traditionally has been less important as compared to that for boys. In colonial America girls have separate schools for girls, where they could get education. They could go to the master's schools for boys if there was any room; this happened generally in summer time when majority of the boys worked.As the 19th century ended, the number of female students had improved significantly. Higher education specifically was widened by the increase of women's educational institutions and the entrance of women to colleges, institutions, and universities. In 1870 an estimated twenty percent of college and university students were females. By the advent of twentieth century the ratio had improved to over one third.By the beginning of the 20th century, 19 percent of all undergraduate college degrees were obtained by women. By the year 1 984 the number had penetratingly improved to 49 percent. The number of graduate students was also increased significantly. By the mid of 1980s women obtained 49 percent of all post-graduate degrees and around 33 percent of doctoral degrees. Women constituted up to 53 percent of all college students in the year 1985.Ahmed concentrates on how historical and political pressures formulate individual identities, specifically those of Arab Muslim women. Here, though, the theme is Ahmed's own individuality as an intellectual; a woman, a Muslim and an aristocracy Egyptian at home in both East and West. In graceful literary style, she narrates her childhood in Cairo, Egypt, her college years at Cambridge and of teaching in America and Abu Dhabi.In Ahmed's shaded depiction, politics are not the background to people's lives but their fashion. The internalization of colonial conducts, the 1952 revolt and Arab nationalism, persuade of Zionism, class issues, and the political affairs of gender fu nctions are embedded into her life and her near one. Most emotional is the conversion of Ahmed's contempt for her â€Å"traditional† Arabic-speaking mother, who spends her life with female relatives, into a consideration of how these women made logic of their lives.Certainly, all through this runny chronicle, she offensively refines the terms by which men â€Å"Western and Arab† have defined women through her own cross-cultural judgments of women's communities, as when she explains the Girton College (at Cambridge) for women as a ‘harem’ â€Å"the harem as I had lived it, the harem of older women presiding over the young.† (Ahmed, pg. 183)A Border Passage is not a usual memoir. It has many factors of an autobiography, but it is also a collection of well rational essays on some of the most complicated phases of the Egyptian history and culture.

Raising Children

OPINION Raising Successful Children Lizzy Stewart By MADELINE LEVINE * PHRASES like â€Å"tiger mom† and â€Å"helicopter parent† have made their way into everyday language. But does overparenting hurt, or help? Related * Sunday Book Review: ‘Teach Your Children Well’ by Madeline Levine (July 29, 2012) Related in Opinion * Room for Debate: Are Olympic Parents Supportive or Overbearing? (August 2, 2012) While parents who are clearly and embarrassingly inappropriate come in for ridicule, many of us find ourselves drawn to the idea that with just a bit more parental elbow grease, we might turn out children with great talents and assured futures.Is there really anything wrong with a kind of â€Å"overparenting lite†? Parental involvement has a long and rich history of being studied. Decades of studies, many of them by Diana Baumrind, a clinical and developmental psychologist at the University of California, Berkeley, have found that the optimal parent is one who is involved and responsive, who sets high expectations but respects her child’s autonomy.These â€Å"authoritative parents† appear to hit the sweet spot of parental involvement and generally raise children who do better academically, psychologically and socially than children whose parents are either permissive and less involved, or controlling and more involved. Why is this particular parenting style so successful, and what does it tell us about overparenting? For one thing, authoritative parents actually help cultivate motivation in their children.Carol Dweck, a social and developmental psychologist at Stanford University, has done research that indicates why authoritative parents raise more motivated, and thus more successful, children. In a typical experiment, Dr. Dweck takes young children into a room and asks them to solve a simple puzzle. Most do so with little difficulty. But then Dr. Dweck tells some, but not all, of the kids how very bright and capab le they are. As it turns out, the children who are not told they’re smart are more motivated to tackle increasingly difficult puzzles.They also exhibit higher levels of confidence and show greater overall progress in puzzle-solving. This may seem counterintuitive, but praising children’s talents and abilities seems to rattle their confidence. Tackling more difficult puzzles carries the risk of losing one’s status as â€Å"smart† and deprives kids of the thrill of choosing to work simply for its own sake, regardless of outcomes. Dr. Dweck’s work aligns nicely with that of Dr. Baumrind, who also found that reasonably supporting a child’s autonomy and limiting interference results in better academic and emotional outcomes.Their research confirms what I’ve seen in more than 25 years of clinical work, treating children in Marin County, an affluent suburb of San Francisco. The happiest, most successful children have parents who do not do fo r them what they are capable of doing, or almost capable of doing; and their parents do not do things for them that satisfy their own needs rather than the needs of the child. The central task of growing up is to develop a sense of self that is autonomous, confident and generally in accord with reality. If you treat your walking toddler as if she can’t walk, you diminish her confidence and distort reality.Ditto nightly â€Å"reviews† of homework, repetitive phone calls to â€Å"just check if you’re O. K. † and â€Å"editing† (read: writing) your child’s college application essay. Once your child is capable of doing something, congratulate yourself on a job well done and move on. Continued, unnecessary intervention makes your child feel bad about himself (if he’s young) or angry at you (if he’s a teenager). But isn’t it a parent’s job to help with those things that are just beyond your child’s reach? Why is it overparenting to do for your child what he or she is almost capable of? Think back to when your toddler learned to walk.She would take a weaving step or two, collapse and immediately look to you for your reaction. You were in thrall to those early attempts and would do everything possible to encourage her to get up again. You certainly didn’t chastise her for failing or utter dire predictions about flipping burgers for the rest of her life if she fell again. You were present, alert and available to guide if necessary. But you didn’t pick her up every time. You knew she had to get it wrong many times before she could get it right. HANGING back and allowing children to make mistakes is one of the greatest challenges of parenting.It’s easier when they’re young — tolerating a stumbling toddler is far different from allowing a preteenager to meet her friends at the mall. The potential mistakes carry greater risks, and part of being a parent is minimi zing risk for our children. What kinds of risks should we tolerate? If there’s a predator loose in the neighborhood, your daughter doesn’t get to go to the mall. But under normal circumstances an 11-year-old girl is quite capable of taking care of herself for a few hours in the company of her friends. She may forget a package, overpay for an item or forget that she was supposed to call home at noon.Mastery of the world is an expanding geography for our kids, for toddlers, it’s the backyard; for preteens, the neighborhood, for teens the wider world. But it is in the small daily risks — the taller slide, the bike ride around the block, the invitation extended to a new classmate — that growth takes place. In this gray area of just beyond the comfortable is where resilience is born. So if children are able to live with mistakes and even failing, why does it drive us crazy? So many parents have said to me, â€Å"I can’t stand to see my child unh appy. † If you can’t stand to see your child unhappy, you are in the wrong business.The small challenges that start in infancy (the first whimper that doesn’t bring you running) present the opportunity for â€Å"successful failures,† that is, failures your child can live with and grow from. To rush in too quickly, to shield them, to deprive them of those challenges is to deprive them of the tools they will need to handle the inevitable, difficult, challenging and sometimes devastating demands of life. While doing things for your child unnecessarily or prematurely can reduce motivation and increase dependency, it is the inability to maintain parental boundaries that most damages child development.When we do things for our children out of our own needs rather than theirs, it forces them to circumvent the most critical task of childhood: to develop a robust sense of self. There is an important distinction between good and bad parental involvement. For example , a young child doesn’t want to sit and do his math homework. Good parents insist on compliance, not because they need their child to be a perfect student but because the child needs to learn the fundamentals of math and develop a good work ethic.Compare this with the parent who spends weeks â€Å"helping† his or her child fill out college applications with the clear expectation that if they both work hard enough, a â€Å"gotta get into† school is a certainty. (While most of my parent patients have graduated from college, it is always a telltale sign of overparenting when they talk about how â€Å"we’re applying to Columbia. †) In both situations parents are using control, in the first case behavioral (sit down, do your math) and in the second psychological (â€Å"we’re applying. †) It is psychological control that carries with it a textbook’s worth of damage to a child’s developing identity.If pushing, direction, motiva tion and reward always come from the outside, the child never has the opportunity to craft an inside. Having tutors prep your anxious 3-year-old for a preschool interview because all your friends’ children are going to this particular school or pushing your exhausted child to take one more advanced-placement course because it will ensure her spot as class valedictorian is not involved parenting but toxic overparenting aimed at meeting the parents’ need for status or affirmation and not the child’s needs.So how do parents find the courage to discard the malpractice of overparenting? It’s hard to swim upstream, to resist peer pressure. But we must remember that children thrive best in an environment that is reliable, available, consistent and noninterfering. A loving parent is warm, willing to set limits and unwilling to breach a child’s psychological boundaries by invoking shame or guilt. Parents must acknowledge their own anxiety. Your job is to kn ow your child well enough to make a good call about whether he can manage a particular situation.Will you stay up worrying? Probably, but the child’s job is to grow, yours is to control your anxiety so it doesn’t get in the way of his reasonable moves toward autonomy. Parents also have to be clear about their own values. Children watch us closely. If you want your children to be able to stand up for their values, you have to do the same. If you believe that a summer spent reading, taking creek walks and playing is better than a specialized camp, then stick to your guns.Parents also have to make sure their own lives are fulfilling. There is no parent more vulnerable to the excesses of overparenting than an unhappy parent. One of the most important things we do for our children is to present them with a version of adult life that is appealing and worth striving for. Madeline Levine is a clinician, consultant and the author, most recently, of â€Å"Teach Your Children We ll: Parenting for Authentic Success. †

How new words are created in English

Knowing the relationships of sound and meaning of each word, we will be able to understand how new words are created in English. Basically, there are several ways that new words can be created: by inventing a new sound sequence and referring it to a meaning, by altering the meaning of an existing word without altering the pronunciation, or by modify or expanding the sound sequence of an existing word. The first way refers to acronyms, which are words formed from the initial letters of a phrase. For instance, IPA is the abbreviation of International Phonetic Alphabet, whereas others, such as NASA from National Aeronautics and Space Administration, are pronounced like words instead of a succession of letter names. Some acronyms are written lowercase, causing people to forget their origins and becoming entire new independent words. For instance, ‘radar' derives from radio detecting and ranging. Also, parts of words are clipped to become shorter; for example, examination was shortened as ‘exam', ‘phone' from telephone, and ‘flu' from influenza. Last, there are blends which are words made by combining syllables from different words. Examples are ‘motel' from the first syllable of motor plus the second syllable of hotel, ‘infotainment' from the first two syllables of information plus the last two syllables of entertainment. Second, the meaning of a word may be generalized, for example, ‘Kleenex' is originally a brand name for facial tissue. But now it refers to facial tissue in general. ‘Silhouette', now means dark outline being seen against light, was taken from the name of Etienne de Silhouette. Also, we can change the category of words, such as ‘people', which is a noun mostly meaning the plural of person, can also be a verb meaning populate a place. Finally, there is the metaphorical extension of existing words, like to ‘chew' on an idea meaning to ponder on it. Another way is to compound individual words. Two nouns, say, honey and moon, are joined together to form the compound noun, ‘honeymoon'. The adjective mobile is joined with the noun phone to form the compound noun ‘mobile phone'. The preposition under is joined with wear to form the compound noun ‘underwear'. The verb play is joined with the noun ground to form the compound noun ‘playground'. As for all these compounds, the last word of each compound gives the collective meaning. New words are also formed by borrowing form other languages, and the words have been assimilated into English. For example, there are words from French, like brochure, from Japanese, like sushi, from German, like beer, and so on. Moreover, some words are created by onomatopoeia. Humans mimic the sounds of nature and use these sounds as referents for the sources of sound, such as buzz, whiz.

Free Essays on Genesis

Genesis Structure The first book of the Old Testament, and subsequently the Bible, is Genesis and appropriately starts with the sentence, â€Å"This is the.† This is part of the â€Å"Toledoth† formula. In Hebrew this phrase is â€Å"elleh tole dot† and it occurs eleven times in the Old Testament. This phrase also can be translated to mean: â€Å"these are the generations†, â€Å"this is the family history†, and â€Å"this is the account.† The â€Å"Toledoth† formula sets up an interesting structure for the book of Genesis. It gives the book a prologue and then subdivides the book into ten subsequent sections; Adam, Noah, Noah’s Sons, Shem, Terah, Ishmael, Isaac, Esau, and Jacob; ending at the deaths of the aforementioned men. The next approach to structure of Genesis is done in two parts the Medieval History, Creation through Tower of Babel, and the account of Abraham and his family for four generations. The chapters of Abraham and his generations are referred to as the Patriarchal Narratives. Both of these divisions begin with a creation by the word of God. Still another division can be made between the Patriarchal Narratives and the story of Joseph. This distinction is made because it tells how one man, Joseph, brought the whole of Abraham’s’ descendents to the land of Egypt. Genre The genre of Genesis is pretty straightforward. It comes across a historical record of the distant past. However, many traditional non-Christian scholars believe it to be fictional. It is interesting that the narrative of Genesis carries the reader in an easy to read order from the creation to the sojourn to Egypt. It is interesting to note that there are no dramatic genre shifts from Genesis through the rest of the Pentateuch. The style of the book leaves to no doubt as to the intent of the author to provide a detailed, historical account of the beginning of the world to the displacement of God’s chosen people to Egypt. Furthermore, ... Free Essays on Genesis Free Essays on Genesis Exegesis Genesis 3: 1-7 Exegesis-Genesis 3:1-7 Translation 1-The New International Version Rainbow Study Bible. The serpent’s deceit leads to the fall of Adam and Eve. 3. (1)Now the serpent was more crafty than any of the wild animals the Lord God had made. He said to the woman, â€Å"Did God really say, ‘You must not eat from any tree in the garden’?†(2)The woman said to the serpent, â€Å"We may eat fruit from the trees in the garden, (3)but God did say, ‘You must not eat fruit from the tree that is in the middle of the garden, and you must not touch it, or you will die.’† (4)†You will not surely die,† the serpent said to the woman, (5)†For God knows that when you eat of it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.† (6)When the woman saw that the fruit of the tree was good for food and pleasing to the eye, and also desirable for gaining wisdom, she took some and ate it. She also gave some to her husband , who was with her, and he ate it. (7)Then the eyes of both of them were opened, and they realized they were naked; so they sewed fig leaves together and made coverings for themselves. Translation 2-New King James Version 3. (1)Now the serpent was more cunning than any beast of the field which the Lord God had made. And he said to the woman, â€Å"Has God indeed said, ‘You shall not eat of every tree of the garden’?† (2)And the woman said to the serpent, â€Å"We may eat the fruit of the trees of the garden; (3)†but of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God has said, ‘You shall not eat it, nor shall you touch it, lest you die.’† (4)Then the serpent said to the woman, â€Å"You will not surely die. (5)†For God knows that in the day you eat of it you eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.† (6)So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, that it was pleasant to th e eyes, and a tree desirable to make one wise, she... Free Essays on Genesis Genesis Structure The first book of the Old Testament, and subsequently the Bible, is Genesis and appropriately starts with the sentence, â€Å"This is the.† This is part of the â€Å"Toledoth† formula. In Hebrew this phrase is â€Å"elleh tole dot† and it occurs eleven times in the Old Testament. This phrase also can be translated to mean: â€Å"these are the generations†, â€Å"this is the family history†, and â€Å"this is the account.† The â€Å"Toledoth† formula sets up an interesting structure for the book of Genesis. It gives the book a prologue and then subdivides the book into ten subsequent sections; Adam, Noah, Noah’s Sons, Shem, Terah, Ishmael, Isaac, Esau, and Jacob; ending at the deaths of the aforementioned men. The next approach to structure of Genesis is done in two parts the Medieval History, Creation through Tower of Babel, and the account of Abraham and his family for four generations. The chapters of Abraham and his generations are referred to as the Patriarchal Narratives. Both of these divisions begin with a creation by the word of God. Still another division can be made between the Patriarchal Narratives and the story of Joseph. This distinction is made because it tells how one man, Joseph, brought the whole of Abraham’s’ descendents to the land of Egypt. Genre The genre of Genesis is pretty straightforward. It comes across a historical record of the distant past. However, many traditional non-Christian scholars believe it to be fictional. It is interesting that the narrative of Genesis carries the reader in an easy to read order from the creation to the sojourn to Egypt. It is interesting to note that there are no dramatic genre shifts from Genesis through the rest of the Pentateuch. The style of the book leaves to no doubt as to the intent of the author to provide a detailed, historical account of the beginning of the world to the displacement of God’s chosen people to Egypt. Furthermore, ...

The Taming of the Shrew Essay Example

The Taming of the Shrew Essay Example The Taming of the Shrew Paper The Taming of the Shrew Paper Essay Topic: The Taming Of the Shrew In this essay I will thoroughly discuss the treatment of women in the film The Taming of the Shrew. I would have to say that my first impression of women in this film was that they where treated very harshly compared to men, they where treated like mens possessions; like slaves basically. They would have no money and also they were not allowed to decide who they wanted to marry, it was their fathers decision. Compared to men, they where the superior people. They ordered women and treated them like slaves. However, after a close analysis of Kates final speech my opinions changed dramatically towards the treatment of women in The Taming of the shrew. I think this because Kate in her final speech changes vividly as she lectures all the women how to treat their husbands. I will go through thorough analysis of Kates final speech later in this essay. In Elizabethan times, men were considered to be the leaders and women their inferiors. Women were also regarded as the weaker sex, not just in terms of physical strength, but emotionally too. Furthermore, it was understood that women always needed someone to look after them. For example, if a woman was married then her husband would be excepted to look after her but if she was single, then her father or brother was expected to take care of her. Women were also not allowed to go through many professions i.e. medicine, law and politics, but they were allowed to work as maids or they could work in domestic service as cooks. Moreover, a good women in Elizabethan times was described as virgin, patient, gentle and quiet. A good women was also virtuous, pretty, shy, holy and had respect for her husband. However, a bad women was considered to be annoying, loud, excessive and ugly. A bad women would also be on that talks too much, one that is unholy, promiscuous and had no respect for her husband. Bad women where often described as the cabinet of horror, scream of an owl or the claw of a crocodile. A good example of this would be Kate in the start of this story. Shakespeare shows how women were mistreated in the scenes. For example, in Act 1 Scene 2, Petruchio explains that hes only in Padua to find a wealthy wife. He doesnt care what shes like, or who she is, as long as she has money. This shows us that men only wanted women for their wealth but not for their personality. This also gives us the impression that when men marry a wealthy women they would not really take care of her, they would only care about the money. This also hints out that women were treated as slaves. Furthermore, in Act 3 Scene 2, Petruchio shows up to the wedding late and in scruffy clothes to embarrass Katherina and which makes her extremely upset. She gets even more upset when he forces and tells her to leave the reception early to go back to his house. There was a storm during their journey home and Kate falls in the mud but Petruchio didnt help her at all. This proves to us that again women where mistreated in Elizabethan times. Another example would be in, Act 1 Scene 1; Baptista declares that his youngest daughter may not be wooed until his eldest daughter finds a husband. This shows that women were dominated by the men in their life, and had no control over who they could marry. Similarly, in Act 2 Scene 1, Gremio and Tranio meet with Baptista to try to buy Bianca. Each man lists his wealth and titles, and the man with the most money gets to marry Bianca. However, I think that Shakespeare was pointing out that such poor treatment of women is a bad thing, because he portrays Baptista, Gremio and even Tranio as being selfish or callous. He also makes reference to the fact that a man must win a womans love, rather than just her dowry, in order to have a true marriage. Therefore, Shakespeare is portraying women in a positive light by criticizing their poor treatment. On the same note, Shakespeare portrays women in a positive light by showing how a women can change another womans mind into making her respect her husband. For example, in Act 3 Scene 5, Kate speaks up for herself, and for women everywhere, saying that she has a voice. I think this show women in a positive manner because Kate gives a long speech advocating the loyalty of wives to their husbands. When the three new husbands stage a contest to see which of their wives will obey first when summoned, everyone expects Lucentio to win. Bianca, however, sends a message back refusing to obey, while Katherina comes immediately. So this shows that Kate had accepted the society view of how a woman should behave, and that she had also changed dramatically from being a Shrew to a patient, gentle and quiet person. The opening lines of Kates speech inform women to respect their husbands, then she continues by saying And dart not scornful glances from those eyes, to wound thy lord, thy king, thy governor. Here, Katherina is trying to illustrate to the women that they should not give hateful glances from their eyes, and also not to harm the lord, the king, the governor. Furthermore, as the speech goes on Kate clarifies that women are generally upset by there men because of their treatment and that the women have feelings of how they are taken care of and are very saddened about that. The relationship between men and women is terrible because men are classed as superior and women as the weaker sex.

Accidental Shifts in Meaning

Accidental Shifts in Meaning Accidental Shifts in Meaning Accidental Shifts in Meaning By Mark Nichol Words often slowly change their meanings over time and sometimes, as in the case of fulsome, flip-flop but occasionally popular culture inadvertently puts them on the fast track to transformation. Movies and television shows introduce or popularize new senses for words all the time, but there are at least two cases in which filmed entertainment unintentionally created new senses for words that supplanted the original usage. In the first instance, it was actually the print version of The Maltese Falcon, by Dashiell Hammett, in which the author dared to have protagonist Sam Spade refer to a member of antagonist Kasper Gutman’s entourage as â€Å"your gunsel.† That word, probably from the Yiddish term for â€Å"young goose,† originally was hobo slang for a boy in a sexual relationship with an older man. Lore has it that Hammett intended that meaning and inserted it in the original short story to put one over on a prissy magazine editor. When screenwriter and first-time director John Huston adapted Hammett’s tale for the big screen supposedly by merely transcribing the story’s dialogue he retained the term, and the movie-going public, like the editor, assumed that the word refers to a gunman. Ever since then, writers searching for an evocative slang term for a hired gun have passed the viral error on. A similar transmogrification occurred with the word nimrod, a generic reference to the biblical character of that name, who in the Good Book is referred to as â€Å"a mighty hunter.† How, then, did the word become a synonym for jerk or idiot? We have none other a personage (or, more accurately, a rabbitage) than Bugs Bunny to thank for this significant shift in meaning. In a Looney Tunes cartoon featuring Bugs’s fumbling nemesis Elmer Fudd as a hunter on the rabbit’s trail, the carrot-chomping coney sardonically refers to Fudd as a nimrod insulting him by derisively comparing him to a biblical personage renowned for his hunting skills. Apparently, later generations of Looney Tunes fans who hadn’t kept up with their Scripture picked up on Bugs’s attitude without understanding the ironic allusion, and the word acquired a new meaning, while its original sense faded into the background. The moral of these stories? If you come across a mystery word in your reading and are tempted to employ it in your own writing, first be sure you understand its implications. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Redundant Phrases to Avoid75 Synonyms for â€Å"Talk†40 Words Beginning with "Para-"

The Convict by William Wordsworth Essays

The Convict by William Wordsworth Essays The Convict by William Wordsworth Paper The Convict by William Wordsworth Paper Compare and contrast the attitude to prison conditions in the 19th century between The Convict by William Wordsworth and The Dungeon by Samuel Coleridge. In this essay I will compare the two poems The Convict by William Wordsworth and The Dungeon by Samuel Coleridge. I will be talking about the background between these two poems and describe the conditions of prisons during the 18th century. Then I will look at their writing styles, their poems structure and their use of language. With comparing their different writing styles, I will find out the main message conveyed by each writer. In the 18th to the 19th century, there were many countries under control by a ruler and sometimes the law was not adequate for every single citizen. The torpidity and unfairness of the justice system, which had already destroyed many peoples lives, were very common during this period. A small crime could mean that people were jailed for a long time, if the judge wanted them to be. The conditions inside prisons during the 18th to the 19th were not as good as todays prisons conditions, which supply medical care and plenty of facilities for prisoners. Prisons in the 18th and early 19th century had absolutely nothing apart from a surrounding huge wall and maybe some guards to maintain the peace inside these prisons. However, these prisoners would never get enough to eat or get any news from the outside world; they had already been separated from the world and being treated with whipping and beating. Although they were not satisfied with their situation, they had no say because the system was under control of the government. And The Convict by William Wordsworth and The Dungeon by Samuel Coleridge were written during this period. Line 2 of The Dungeon, this is the process of our love and wisdom is an ironic comment. Love and wisdom are positive words, but the writer uses love and wisdom to describe a brother when they put this fellow being, who had committed a crime, into the dungeon. This is an irony inside this sentence because the writer uses love and wisdom instead of hate and sterility. . 2 Irony is also used in The Convict, in line 9 the thick-ribbed walls that oershadow the gate The thick-ribbed walls hints that there was no freedom for the prisoners and it also indicates that the speaker observed the shape of the prison and uses the observation as a proof for his statement. The question in line 5 in The Dungeon is this the only cure? is a rhetorical question. The writer does not want the reader to answer this question. He only wants the reader to think about alternative ways to treat these people who carry guilt. The speaker hints that there should be better treatment to these prisoners. The Convict uses a rhetorical question as well as to emphasise the writers thoughts about the inhuman being treatment within these prisons. In line 5 And must we then part from a dwelling so fair? William Wordsworth indicates that he disagrees with separating these prisoners far away from their homes; he thinks that it is irrational to put them into such a poor condition. Sensory description is used in line 7 in The dungeon, when the writer says by ignorance and parching poverty. The writer uses parching to describe the common poverty condition in 18th century. Parching means very hot and parching poverty means that the condition of poverty is common. Parching combines with poverty shows us that the writer was very care about this poverty situation. The Convict does not seem to be using as much sensory language as The dungeon. But unlike The dungeon, The Convict prefers to use imagery to let the readers to imagine the scene rather than using personal opinion to convince the readers. For example, in the first sentence of the third stanza, the writer uses imagery to describe the view of the outside prison.

How The NACW Fought Sexism and Racism in Jim Crow Era

How The NACW Fought Sexism and Racism in Jim Crow Era The National Association of Colored Women was established in July of 1896  after Southern journalist, James Jacks referred to African American women as â€Å"prostitutes, thieves and liars.† African American writer and suffragette, Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin believed that the best way to respond to racist and sexist attacks was through social-political activism. Arguing that developing positive images of African American womanhood was important to countering racist attacks, Ruffin said, Too long have we been silent under unjust and unholy charges; we cannot expect to have them removed until we disprove them through ourselves. With the help of other notable African American women, Ruffin initiated the merger of several African American women’s clubs including the National League of Colored Women and the National Federation of Afro-American Women to form the first African American national organization. The organizations name was changed in 1957 to the National Association of Colored Womens Clubs (NACWC). Notable Members Mary Church Terrell: first president of the NACWIda B. Wells-Barnett: publisher and journalistMary McLeod Bethune: educator, social leader and eighth president of NACWFrances Ellen Watkins Harper: feminist and poetMargaret Murray Washington: educator and served as the fifth president of the NACW Mission The NACW’s national motto, â€Å"Lifting as We Climb,† embodied the goals and initiatives established by the national organization and carried out by its local and regional chapters. On the organizations website, the NACW outlines nine objectives which included developing the economic, moral, religious and social welfare of women and children as well as enforcing the civil and political rights for all American citizens. Uplifting the Race and Providing Social Services One of the NACWs main focuses was developing resources that would help impoverished and disenfranchised African Americans. In 1902, the organizations first president, Mary Church Terrell, argued: Self-preservation demands that [black women] go among the lowly, illiterate, and even vicious, to whom they are bound to ties of race and sex...to reclaim them.   In Terrells first address as president of the NACW, she said, The work which we hope to accomplish can be done better, we believe, by the mothers, wives, daughters, and sisters of our race than by the fathers, husbands, brothers, and sons. Terrell charged members with the task of developing employment training and fair wages for women while establishing kindergarten programs for young children and recreational programs for older children. Suffrage Through various national, regional and local initiatives, the NACW fought for the voting rights of all Americans. Women of the NACW supported womens right to vote through their work on the local and national level. When the 19th Amendment was ratified in 1920, the NACW supported the establishment of citizenship schools. Georgia Nugent, chair of the NACW Executive Committee, told members, the ballot without intelligence in back of it is a menace instead of a blessing and I like to believe that women are accepting their recently granted citizenship with a sense of reverent responsibility. Standing Up To Racial Injustice The NACW vehemently opposed segregation and supported anti-lynching legislation. Using its publication, National Notes, the organization was able to discuss its opposition to racism and discrimination in society with a wider audience. Regional and local chapters of NACW launched various fundraising efforts after the Red Summer of 1919. All chapters  participated in nonviolent protests and boycotts of segregated public facilities. Todays Initiatives Now referred to as the National Association of Colored Womens Clubs (NACWC), the organization boasts regional and local chapters in 36 states. Members of these chapters sponsor various programs including college scholarships, teenage pregnancy,  and AIDS prevention. In 2010, Ebony magazine named the NACWC as one of the top ten non-profit organizations in the United States.

Merychippus - Facts and Figures

Merychippus - Facts and Figures Name: Merychippus (Greek for ruminant horse); pronounced MEH-ree-CHIP-us Habitat: Plains of North America Historical Epoch: Late Miocene (17-10 million years ago) Size and Weight: About three feet tall at the shoulder and up to 500 pounds Diet: Plants Distinguishing Characteristics: Large size; recognizably horse-like head; teeth adapted to grazing; vestigial side toes on front and hind feet About Merychippus Merychippus was something of a watershed in equine evolution: this was the first prehistoric horse to bear a marked resemblance to modern horses, although it was slightly bigger (up to three feet high at the shoulder and 500 pounds) and still possessed vestigial toes on either side of its feet (these toes didnt reach all the way to the ground, though, so Merychippus still would have run in a recognizably horselike way).  By the way, the name of this genus, Greek for ruminant horse, is a bit of a mistake; true ruminants have extra stomachs and chew cuds, like cows, and Merychippus was in fact the first true grazing horse, subsisting on the widespread grasses of its North American habitat. The end of the Miocene epoch, about 10 million years ago, marked what paleontologists call the Merychippine radiation: various populations of Merychippus spawned about 20 separate species of late Cenozoic horses, distributed across various genera, including Hipparion, Hippidion and Protohippus, all of these ultimately leading to the modern horse genus Equus. As such, Merychippus probably deserves to be better known than it is today, rather than being considered just one of the innumerable -hippus genera that populated late Cenozoic North America!

Television Programming Violence that Causes Real Violence Essay

Television Programming Violence that Causes Real Violence - Essay Example For over thirty years this has been an issue. There have been several advocacy groups that have attested to the fact that children will emulate that which they see. They have presented many examples, such as: children believing that they were Superman and threw themselves from roofs, thinking that they could fly; other children using their father ´s gun believing they were playing and killing other children; and, other children modeling the behaviors they watch on television and becoming aggressive, thinking that that is the way to have solved a problem, thus violence causes higher crime rates. Today the topic is still fresh. The heated discussion relating to both the youth violence and media has continued to grow. It is still a debatable issue of whether or not television influences the behaviors of the viewers or not. In the media bloc, the public impugns the television networks, which in turn chastise the writers and producers, who sequentially hold the advertisers accountable, who in the end turn to blame the public. In the violence bloc, the federal government holds the youth responsible for their own actions, who charge the commune, which censures the schools, which points the finger at the parents, and who ultimately blame the government (Caldwell, 1995). This is a vicious circle and no one wants to take the blame for it, yet we see violence increasing every day and the advocate groups continue defending their point that television influences the viewers ´ lifestyles. These viewers may learn positive models, such as through programs like Sesame Street, Electric Com pany, Zoom, 321 Contact, and REBOP. These were programs that taught children how to read and write, how to learn about different cultures, and how to become interested in science. These shows obtained awards for excellence and influenced the youngsters positively. If these shows demonstrated that they were able to influence youngsters around the  world (they have been dubbed into many languages), then why should we think violent programs do not influence the youngsters in a negative way as well?  

The Future of the Chinese Communist Party Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Future of the Chinese Communist Party - Essay Example The essay "The Future of the Chinese Communist Party" analyzes the future of the Chinese Communist Party that faces a major hurdle of the unresolved tension between the economic and political reforms. Though the party still maintains extensive political power with an aim of exercising its controls in the major sectors in the country. If the state wants to ensure that the policies that it pledged at the Plenum come to a realization, it must reduce its role. Schuman observes that a well-functioning economic system must have banks that function properly, for instance, the government must set clear lending decisions. State corporations must operate within the healthy political framework away from political interferences to allow for the flourishing of the private sector. David Shambaugh observes that the C.C.P needs to encourage particular policies that promote competition such as liberalization of prizes. Such policies would mean that the politicians sit back and observe how the market regulates resources. Zhao et al. note the rising tussle between the economic reformists and the authoritarian party leaders leads to some of the fatal problems noted by Barmà ©. If CCP is to succeed, it must let go of the reins of control in areas where it  is not welcome. The second challenge facing the party is the lack of accountability on sensitive issues that face its people. There are several occurrences that emphasize on this point as observed in the communist country. Among the grievances is the prevalence of income inequality.

Gender and Sexual Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Gender and Sexual Studies - Essay Example This essay demonstrates that academic literature on indigenous family violence indicates that men were permitted to hit their wives and children. On the other hand, it was rare for a woman to hit a man, no matter how much wrong a man commits. Any form of punishment meted out to men was determined and exercised by community â€Å"elders† who mediated most family issues (Vheim, 2013:39). The question as to why men were allowed to judge and prosecute women so quickly while their transgressions were judged by â€Å"high courts† is another grey area that creates confusion in the everyday understanding of gender violence issues (Otto, 2013:26). In retrospect, it is important to consider that societies have always been patriarchal in nature; there are little or no documented examples of matriarchal societies. Modern thinking, although it accepts that society is still patriarchal, has been geared towards creating a balance between genders or a sense of balance that insinuates equality. For example, contemporary everyday understanding holds that all children, regardless of their genders, must be given equal opportunities to access education and other basic services (Otto, 2013:29). However, academic literature on indigenous family violence postulates that men and women are unequal from childhood, with young girls being inferior to boys and therefore second-class citizens when it comes to access to any privileges. The evolution of mentalities has created two perspectives on gender issues that oppose each other (Vheim, 2013:37). The first world is that informed by academic literature on indigenous gender issues, and the second is that informed by modern views on gender issues.

Regions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Regions - Research Paper Example The specific concept that emerged during this period was altered the conception of the region. The concept was not a descriptive unit but rather, and it was a theoretical unit. The intellectual transformation was wedded to geopolitical conditions that comprised war and militarism. The transformation was driven by an imperative in advancement in science. The article shows an increase in the demand for regional intelligence and research that could address social challenges adequately. A new regional model that is linked with the solidification the strategic regions of the world open to America power and there is an emergency of complex technology involved in science. The evidence provided to support the main point of the second reference is the measurement takes in situ. The article provides a time comparison of the offensive patterns at two points in Oresund, a Scandinavian border region in between Sweden and Denmark. The analysis was carried out to facilitate the understanding of the relationship between crime and demography, land and social-economic covariates. The measurement is taken at the original point of occurrence and hence in situ. The implication of the main point of the first reference is the explanation between the advances in science and technology and military operations. The article implies that as science and technology advanced the operations of the military also advanced. The implication of the main point of the second reference is that there is a possibility of crime in the border to continue growing interest in Europe. The increased interest is as a result of the enlargement of the European Union and the increase in the movement across the border. The movement is facilitated by improved communication systems. The increased communication systems lead to the continuous change in the offensive pattern across the border. The two main points can be combined to

Research Study on the Position of the Unites States in World Politics Paper

Study on the Position of the Unites States in World Politics - Research Paper Example ormation of a nation’s view about its importance and role in the world, but also, and perhaps more importantly, determine the manifestations of thus conceived role in trade, culture, diplomacy or war2. In the realm of world politics, however, the position of a state in the international system, along with interstate interactions, is the subject matter of a particular area of study, namely International Relations, usually defined as protracted competition between realist, liberal and radical traditions, or schools of thought3. Realism, as the dominant theoretical tradition throughout the second half of the twentieth century, most notably the Cold War, describes international affairs as â€Å"a struggle for power among self-interested states† within an anarchic environment, where each state seeks to survive on its own4. Liberalism, in turn, includes various theories such as some that regard the interactions between domestic actors – either in the political, societal or economic spheres – as the most important explanatory factors, as well as others that are predominantly focused on political constitutions, economic systems or dominant ideologies5. This paper is intended to examine the set of domestic and international factors and developments that brought about or/and facilitated the US rise to the position of global superpower during the twentieth century, in order to determine whether or not the country is able to retain this position in the years or decades to come. Being based on historical evidence, as well as taking into consideration the theoretical discourse on the basic forces that shape international outcomes6, the paper attempts an insight into China’s ability to challenge or successfully contest the current US supremacy. Historians widely agree that America’s isolationism from the early twentieth century, i.e. from the 1920s to 1940s, should be ascribed to then domestic political priorities such as the commitment to economic development and

Nixon and the Fabled Silent Majority Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nixon and the Fabled Silent Majority - Essay Example Mason argues that Nixon, "[...] owed his election to the votes of a minority rallied in opposition to the mistakes of the Democrats rather than in support of his promise" (37). The myth of the silent majority would pervade history and haunt Nixon in the coming years of his presidency. The search for a majority would permeate the White House debate during the Nixon presidency. Patrick Buchanan, a conservative Nixon speechwriter, "[...] had a burning interest in the identification of a new majority and regularly wrote political analyses for Nixon with speculation about how to win this electoral goal" (Mason 39). However, Nixon rarely ventured outside his small group of inner circle advisors for political advice and most of his ideas were generated by a relatively small number of close aides (Mason 40). Nixon was also politically isolated by the reality of both houses of Congress being in the hands of the opposition. He attempted to reduce the tension between the houses of Congress and his administration by appointing Bryce Harlow as congressional-relations chief. Though this seemed to demonstrate Nixon's desire to develop a closer relationship with a broader base, it was met with some hostility from the Democrats. Nixon would blame the obstructionist Democrats for the administration's failures but Mason observes that "[...] the failure was more significantly linked with Nixon's personal shortcomings" (40). Nixon had included few experienced political people in his administration and most Congressmen dismissed his aides as newly arrived novices. Nixon's career had likewise been short of national legislation experience. Mason argues that "Especially at a time of divided government, these shortcomings had very significant implications" (40). Nixon had neither a majority nor a mechani sm to gain one. Rather than cultivating majority support in Congress or the public, Nixon became self-obsessed with his own image. He discounted the importance of the legislature and believed, as he used to say, "The President is the government" (qtd. in Mason 41). This would further alienate even Republican members of Congress. Rather than having a silent majority, he was creating a non-existent myth of support that did not exist. New Yorker writer Pete Hamill noticed the first rumblings of a 'silent majority' in 1969. He wrote, "The working-class white man, is actually in revolt against taxes, joyless work, the double standards and short memories of professional politicians, hypocrisy and what he considers the debasement of the American dream" (qtd. in Mason 46). These feelings resonated racist attitudes among those that felt they were too wealthy for welfare and too poor to be mainstream America. This group of white, working, poor would become the base of George Wallace's campaign. Nixon attempted to captivate this audience as his own by sending a softer message that speechwriter Tom Huston called, "[...] a rhetoric which communicates concern for the legitimate claims of this class, yet avoids any incitement to the baser instincts of man afraid" (qtd. in Mason 47). There may have been a substantial silent Republican constituency, but it was not Nixon's and it was not a majority. Nixon's tactic of using racial divide to generate electoral popularity has been called "disturbing" (Mason 49). His other efforts at capturing the electorate that spread to the issues of law and

Gender equity in science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gender equity in science - Essay Example The exact ratio is 10:24 favoring boys. II. Discussion From the data there seems not much difference in treatment between the boys and the girls in terms of interactions with the teacher. The slight variation in the ratio of interactions to the number of students by gender does not seem to be that significant, given the small sample of tallies made, and the small class size. The tallies ratio by gender roughly corresponds to the student ratio by gender. Taking a step back we look at the literature to inform us about the nature of gender equity in science in general, and in particular, science education and the science classroom. There seems to be much focus on this subject in the literature, with some studies, for instance, finding out that gender equity in science and in the classroom in general is something that requires concrete interventions to achieve. The implication is that without intervening the natural state o affairs is that of the lack of equity along gender lines, with t he status quo tilting towards a more favorable view of males, and a less than equal treatment of the females. The foundation of the inequity is said to rest in some geographies, as cited here, on some deeply-rooted stereotypes about the superiority of boys in terms of intellectual abilities (Esiobu, 2011, pp. 244-257). The same bias and stereotypes are noted in other studies, pointing to the need for interventions such as educating teachers and students about the presence of such stereotypes and about actively going against those stereotypes in order to achieve gender equity in science education, as well as technology education. Science is to be a venue for both boys and girls in an environment where there is an active role on the part of the system to counter the stereotypes and the weight of tradition regarding the inferior treatment of females (Wokocha, 2009, pp. 51-54). The inequity meanwhile is accepted in the literature as a long-standing problem, and something that has been w restled with and minutely studied by way of finding solutions and interventions to narrow down the inequity and level out the playing field between genders in the classroom as well as in the laboratory. By laboratory here is meant life after the classroom, and in the professional science arenas where, as a rule, boys outnumber girls as well. The problem is said to be rooted in inequities to be found at every step of the process that advances students from the classroom all the way to the professional stages of the science career. Interventions at every step of the process have been crafted and tried, and documented in the literature, with heavy emphasis on inequities in the classroom. This thorough look at the inequities and the proliferation of the literature on teaching interventions point to the gravity and to the importance of the issue for the general science and education communities (Brunner, 1998, p. 120; Gerhard, 1995, p. 53). In particular, one piece of literature collates at least 192 different methods and interventions to foster classroom equity in science education along gender lines, with emphasis on many different aspects of inequity, and many different areas of the learning process where the inequity exists. These interventions are baked into the curricula for science education along different levels, and are woven into different classroom and learning activities, such as reading, research, the conduct of surveys, and other classroom-related activities. These intervent

Research Argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Research Argument - Essay Example Admittedly the various crimes for which execution was the verdict have been brought down in recent times. Also the methods of execution (quartering, boiling, and impaling to name a few) have been made less barbaric in the recent years. However whether death penalty should be allowed a place in our law at all is a much debated point. Two thirds of the countries around the world have completely abolished capital punishment for any crime. Many countries have even abolished it as late as 2008: Uzbekistan for one did so on 1st January 2008. The European Union is also firm in its stand against death penalty. Currently though 60 countries retain the use of the same for certain crimes like premeditated murder while others retain death penalty but have not executed anyone within a span of 10 years (â€Å"Death penalty: Abolitionist and Retentionist countries†). The United States has been under fire from various fronts regarding the large number of executions since 1976, the year during which death penalty was reinstated in the country. The support in the nation against death penalty is steadily on the rise. Yet there is a strong belief among quite a large population that the only punishment fit for a person who has taken the life of another is death itself and no less. A legal scholar, writes, â€Å"Abolitionists appear to value the life of a convicted murderer or, at least, his non-execution, more highly than they value the lives of the innocent victims who might be spared by deterring prospective murderers.† (van den Haag). In certain cases like that of Timothy McVeigh, where the convict shows no remorse for his heinous crimes it seems like death penalty is the only fitting verdict that can be pronounced. Timothy McVeigh was sentenced to death and executed on 11 April 2006 for the attack on a federal building in Oklahoma. He was responsible for the death of 168 individuals, including 19

Development a strategy for InteCom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Development a strategy for InteCom - Essay Example The firm was established recently in 1978 and as of 1982, it has a 1% US market share. The US market is dominated by firms such as AT&T, Northern Western and Rolm and InteCom is ranked at the 13th position, among the lowest. The market is expected to grow by 7 % till 1988 and the demand would be for large digital systems. InteCom has a robust product called the IBX S/ 40 digital systems. This product is based on digital technology and does not have problems of ‘Blocking’ that other product suffer from. It also has an open architecture and allows easy integration with foreign language systems, other than English, something other products do not have. Among different segments in the PBX market, there is a growth forecast for large customers line segment. While the US market has a lot of competition, the overseas market has double the demand. InteCom is very well positioned to enter the domestic and international markets with its IBX S/40 systems. The company suffers from low branding and it needs to improve its wage structure and the HR policies. The strategy report has performed a detailed SWOT analysis to understand the current market situation and has framed some strategic objectives along with vision and goals. Details of the strategy implementation are also given The strategic plan provides a blueprint for the objectives for the future. The plan analyses the current business environment and frames the strategic goals that are to be achieved. Risk and opportunity areas are analysed to form an understanding of the market and then a vision is framed. The strategic plan has to be iterative and would have to be updated as and when fresh market inputs become available. A broad based framework for strategic planning is illustrated in the following figure (Moorman, 1998). A strategic plan would have clearly defined sections such as Executive Summary; Strategic Planning Methodology; Current Situation; Target End-State;

Human Resources Management, The Learning Process and Practice of Essay

Human Resources Management, The Learning Process and Practice of Training & Development - Essay Example But other organisations prefer the traditional one coupled with a new and modified system. In the manufacturing world, they call it ‘hybrid’. Although theorists seem to have faded, their ideas and theories which have long been formulated a long time ago remain significant and useful in the modern world. Training and development have to be applied in a systematic way. The organisation is viewed as a system, and training as a subsystem. We can find the usefulness of training as ingrained in the system through our different readings and in the literature. But I also want to add experiences and real-life situations from our organisation. We consider training and development as very significant for the success of our mission as an organisation and as individuals with careers to nurture, along with our respective families who expect from us and support us, as well. Knowledge of learning theory is indeed significant in workplace training in practice for we can use this as a bas ing ground for successes in training and development and the outcome of it. ... Training is a subsystem and looks up to the organisation as the reference point. It would then be easy for a comparison of the different sub-systems because all the other branches and departments are inter-related. The outcome of a particular training becomes easy to distinguish and measure whether it has been effective or whether the outcome of the training meets the objectives of the organisation. From this systems theory, Buckley and Capley developed the 14-stage model to expound the effectiveness of the systems theory, as against Harrison’s (1997) 8-step model. Background of my Organisation I belong to an organisation which is international in scope. At present we are tackling the challenges of globalisation and the effects of inter-culture and diversity in what commentators call the global village. Based from our initial approach of the systems theory, our organisation conducts periodic training but also a needs-assessment for training and development; meaning we also con duct training when the situation demands. For example, the organisation conducts cross-cultural training (CCT) annually. But there are times that aside from the regular CCT, we also conduct training when a manager or employees are being sent abroad or to a subsidiary, i.e. in addition to the regular CCT. Trainings are systematic, regular and conducted in accord with the organisation’s objectives. There is no regular period, or time frame, when a manager or employee has to be sent abroad, for there are various situations when a manager, or department head or employee, is needed in foreign countries. These situations include, a) when a branch has just been opened in another country, b) when a manager has just

Homeless English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Homeless English - Essay Example However, many individual, structural, family and social factors are also contributing to this problem. For example, divorce rate is increasing day by day in America and subsequently single parenthood is also rising. Single parenthood prevent families from achieving enough income for managing family expense and the ultimate outcome could be poverty and homelessness. Many people are of the view that governmental intervention and assistances are necessary to assist people do build have their own homes. â€Å"Around $2.5 billion of dollars has already been sanctioned by the Obama administration for solving homelessness problems in America† (Obama Administration awards $1.4 billion in homeless grants). However, many others are of the view that such assistance is not necessary to this problem. In their opinion, such huge assistance will make the people lazy or idle and they will approach the government for everything without doing their duties properly. This paper analyses the argum ents in favor and against governmental assistance to homelessness problems. contribute to the homelessness problem. Children seem to be most important community upon which homelessness problem affect seriously. Government, social organizations and individuals should combine well and act effectively to eradicate homelessness related problem from the world. Homeless children are sick at twice the rate of other children. They suffer twice as many ear infections, have four times the rate of asthma, and have five times more diarrhea and stomach problems. Homeless children go hungry twice as often as nonhomeless children. More than one-fifth of homeless preschoolers have emotional problems serious enough to require professional care, but less than one-third receive any treatment. Homeless children are twice as likely to repeat a grade compared to nonhomeless children. Homeless children have twice the rate of learning disabilities and three times the rate of emotional and behavioral proble ms of nonhomeless children. Half of school-age homeless children experience anxiety, depression, or withdrawal compared to 18 percent of nonhomeless children (Bassuk &Friedman, 2005, p.2). The above statistics clearly show that homelessness may cause extreme damages to the children and it should be reduced or avoided completely for the better development of the children. Children are the future asset of a nation and no country can keep a blind eye towards the healthy development of the children. Homelessness in fact affect children more than any other community. Not only for physical growth, but also for the emotional or mental growth. Children need their own homes. Homelessness will create an unsecure feeling in the minds of the children which is not good for their healthy development. Community based shelter homes are provided to many of the homeless people in America. Such strategies may cause more damage than good to the safe development of children. So, governmental assistance is necessary to avoid homelessness in America. The recent recession, has affected the poor people more than the rich people. Poor people usually stay in rented homes since they are don’t have enough resources to purchase a property and build their own homes. Financial institutions already started the tightening of screws while allocating mortgages or home loans as a result of the lessons they learned from the recent recession. So, poor people are facing extreme difficulties in finding enough financial assistance for making their

Research Argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Research Argument - Essay Example Admittedly the various crimes for which execution was the verdict have been brought down in recent times. Also the methods of execution (quartering, boiling, and impaling to name a few) have been made less barbaric in the recent years. However whether death penalty should be allowed a place in our law at all is a much debated point. Two thirds of the countries around the world have completely abolished capital punishment for any crime. Many countries have even abolished it as late as 2008: Uzbekistan for one did so on 1st January 2008. The European Union is also firm in its stand against death penalty. Currently though 60 countries retain the use of the same for certain crimes like premeditated murder while others retain death penalty but have not executed anyone within a span of 10 years (â€Å"Death penalty: Abolitionist and Retentionist countries†). The United States has been under fire from various fronts regarding the large number of executions since 1976, the year during which death penalty was reinstated in the country. The support in the nation against death penalty is steadily on the rise. Yet there is a strong belief among quite a large population that the only punishment fit for a person who has taken the life of another is death itself and no less. A legal scholar, writes, â€Å"Abolitionists appear to value the life of a convicted murderer or, at least, his non-execution, more highly than they value the lives of the innocent victims who might be spared by deterring prospective murderers.† (van den Haag). In certain cases like that of Timothy McVeigh, where the convict shows no remorse for his heinous crimes it seems like death penalty is the only fitting verdict that can be pronounced. Timothy McVeigh was sentenced to death and executed on 11 April 2006 for the attack on a federal building in Oklahoma. He was responsible for the death of 168 individuals, including 19